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In vitro tube formation assay (HUVECs)
Originally described in 1988 by Kubota et al., the principles behind this assay are based on the observation that endothelial cells divide and migrate in response to angiogenic signals and form tubelike structures1. Thereafter, the HUVEC tube formation assay has been one of the most popular in vitro models to quantify angiogenesis using image analysis methods2-3.

Technical details
– Total Tube Length
– Total Branching Points
– Total Loops
– Total Nets
Tube Characteristics:
– Total Tubes
– Mean Tube Length
– Loop Characteristics
– Mean Loop Area
– Mean Loop Perimeter
Scientific excellence in every model
Physiological relevance
A widely used, predictable, comparable, model suitable for screening drugs effects on angiogenic processes
Accelerated drug discovery
Clinical relevance of experimental outcomes increased by HUVECs originating from human tissue
Unbiased automated read-out analysis
Fast isolation, culture, and expansion allow for unbiased and automated screening
References
- Kubota Y, Kleinman HK, Martin GR, Lawley TJ. Role of laminin and basement membrane in the morphological differentiation of human endothelial cells into capillary-like structures. J Cell Biol. 1988;107(4):1589-1598.
- McGonigle, S. and Shifrin, V. In Vitro Assay of Angiogenesis: Inhibition of Capillary Tube Formation. Curr. Protoc. Pharmacol. 2008;43:12.12.1-12.12.7.
- Khoo CP, Micklem K, Watt SM. A comparison of methods for quantifying angiogenesis in the Matrigel assay in vitro. Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2011;17(9):895-906.
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